GunneryNetwork.com
Gunnery Network
Gunnery Network

Gun Glossary - Letter K
Index of Firearm & Gun Terminology

1-10 | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

Letter - K Page Updated: 08 March 2003

KALASHNIKOV, MIKHAIL TIMOFEEVICH: Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov is one of the most famous if not the most famous gun designers in the world. Inventor of the AK-47 and several other Avtomat Kalashnikov (AK) types in the former Soviet union and now Russia. Avtomat (Automatic) Kalashnikov rifles are used world wide in the millions and were exported and manufactured in great numbers by the former Warsaw pact countries. it is said that over 70-million AK-47s were manufactured between 1950 and 1990.


Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov
A Short Biography of the Russian Gun Designer

Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov was born on November 10, 1919, in the village of Kurya, Altai Territory, to a large peasant family. After finishing the 9-th form of a secondary school M T. Kalashnikov went to work in the Matai depot as an apprentice and was subsequently a technical clerk in the employ of a Turkistan-Siberian railway department. In 1938 M T. Kalashnikov was called up for Red Army, served in a special military region in Kiev, there he finished the tank mechanical school.

During the service in army he devised an inertia revolution counter to register the number of actual shots from a tank gun, made a special appliance for the "TT" pistol to enhance fire effectiveness through tank turret slits and designed a tank running time meter.

In June, 1941 Mikhail Timofeevitch with his last invention was directed by the Commander-in-Chief general G.K. Zhukov to Leningrad to implement his recent invention. With the beginning of The Great Patriotic War senior sergeant M T. Kalashnikov participated in battles with fascists as a commander of the tank. In October, 1941 in fierce battles under Bryansk he was heavily wounded and shell-shocked. While in hospital, Mikhail Timofeevitch conceived the idea of a submachine gun. Later while on a six-month sick leave he arrived at the station Matai. He carried out his idea in depot's workshops with the help of the leadership and comrades. When the submachine gun was ready M T. Kalashnikov was directed to Moscow Aviation Institute, which had been evacuated to Alma-Ata.

In June, 1942 the second model of a Kalashnikov submachine gun was developed in workshops of the institute. This very model was sent for a reference to Dzerzhinsky Ordnance Academy. The outstanding soviet scientist in the field of shooting arms A. A. Blagonravov took an interest in the Kalashnikov submachine gun. Though he didn't recommend the submachine gun for service, the talent of the inventor, originality in the decision of a lot of technical questions were highly estimated by him and as a result Blagonravov made everything to direct the self-taught-designer to study. Since 1942 M. T. Kalashnikov served in Central Research Small Arms Range of the Main Ordnance Directorate of the Red Army.

In 1944 Kalashnikov developed an experimental model of the self-loading carbine, it's main units became the base for a creation of a new submachine gun in 1946 which gained a brilliant victory in difficult competitive tests. In 1949 after completion the automatic device was adopted by the Soviet Army, and senior sergeant M.T. Kalashnikov was awarded by the Stalin Price First Class.

Since 1949 Mikhail Timofeevitch has been living and working in Izhevsk. He went through a way from a self-taught-inventor up to the General Designer of small arms in the Soviet Army.

A range of the unified models of automatic small arms developed by Kalashnikov was adopted by the Soviet Army in 1950.

The Government highly estimated M. T. Kalashnikov's services to the country. He was twice honored as Hero of Socialist Labor (1958 and 1976) and became Stalin Prize (1949) and Lenin Prize (1964) laureate. In 1969 he was given the rank of Colonel and in 1971 awarded degree of Doctor of engineering science. M. T. Kalashnikov was decorated with three Orders of Lenin, Order of the Red Banner of Labor, Order of the Great Patriotic War of the First Class, Order of the Red Star and many medals.

Since 1980 M. T. Kalashnikov has been a citizen of honor in his native village of Kurya. His bronze bust was placed there as he was twice awarded Hero of Socialist Labor. In 1987 he became a honorable citizen of Izhevsk.

The President of Russia B.N. Eltsin personally decorated the outstanding designer M. T. Kalashnikov with the Order "For Distinguished Services for the Motherland" Second Class and promoted him to Major-General to his 75th anniversary.

The submachine guns of the Kalashnikov system are widespread all over the world. Some countries have included its image in the State Emblem. Under the items of information available in the literature to the midst of 1990 there were made about 70 millions units of Kalashnikov submachine guns of various modifications both in our country and abroad including those made under license and practically (till nowadays the invention has not been patented).

Since 1949 Mikhail Timofeevitch has been living and working in Izhevsk. He went through a way from a self-taught-inventor up to the General Designer of small arms in the Soviet Army.

A range of the unified models of automatic small arms developed by Kalashnikov was adopted by the Soviet Army in 1950.

The Government highly estimated M. T. Kalashnikov's services to the country. He was twice honored as Hero of Socialist Labor (1958 and 1976) and became Stalin Prize (1949) and Lenin Prize (1964) laureate. In 1969 he was given the rank of Colonel and in 1971 awarded degree of Doctor of engineering science. M. T. Kalashnikov was decorated with three Orders of Lenin, Order of the Red Banner of Labor, Order of the Great Patriotic War of the First Class, Order of the Red Star and many medals.

Since 1980 M. T. Kalashnikov has been a citizen of honor in his native village of Kurya. His bronze bust was placed there as he was twice awarded Hero of Socialist Labor. In 1987 he became a honorable citizen of Izhevsk.

The President of Russia B.N. Eltsin personally decorated the outstanding designer M. T. Kalashnikov with the Order "For Distinguished Services for the Motherland" Second Class and promoted him to Major-General to his 75th anniversary.

The submachine guns of the Kalashnikov system are widespread all over the world. Some countries have included its image in the State Emblem. Under the items of information available in the literature to the midst of 1990 there were made about 70 millions units of Kalashnikov submachine guns of various modifications both in our country and abroad including those made under license and practically (till nowadays the invention has not been patented).

The cause of such great popularity of Kalashnikov submachine guns is in fact that Mikhail Timofeevitch has achieved an optimum combination of a number of qualities which provide the usage of guns with high efficiency of application and exclusive reliability in battles.

KENTUCKY RIFLE: Flintlock Long Rifle designed and built by German craftsman in Pennsylvania and used and made famous in the Kentucky frontier.  One of the most important firearms in American history, the Kentucky (or Pennsylvania) Long Rifle was the most accurate long-range gun for several decades. The first documented appearance of rifling was in Germany around 1460.  The flintlock was developed in the early 1600's. By the late 1600's gunsmiths were experimenting with longer barrels than the forerunner Yaeger. But it took the opening up of a new continent to bring out the best.  Circa 1725 the forerunner of the KY long rifles were being designed and built by German craftsman in Pennsylvania. After the French and Indian War brought new lands to the attention of the frontiersmen, the uniquely American long-range rifles were carried into the frontier (at that time Kentucky) by the long hunters, trappers and explorers. The actual name "Kentucky Long rifle" was first used in an 1812 song The Hunters of Kentucky.   

THE KENTUCKY RIFLE

Kentucky Rifle
Click Click to enlarge
Typical Pennsylvania made Kentucky Rifle circa 1775-1776

A typical Kentucky Long Rifle was a .50 caliber, made of curly maple, full stock and sported a 42 to 46 inch barrel.  A crescent-shaped buttplate, patchbox and cheekpiece were also common and are helpful in identifying a KY/PA long rifle.  The long rifle was a prime factor in several revolutionary era battles, especially in the west.  Perhaps due to this heritage, Kentuckians were known as sharpshooters from the Revolutionary War through W.W.II and even as late as Vietnam.

KEY CONCEPT: Sako of Finland's integrated safety key bolt rifle locking system.  Key Concept is a practically invisible lock that totally blocks the firing pin and prevents bolt movement.  See details below.

Sako KEY CONCEPT®

Sako - KEY Concept

At first the idea seems simple enough: a lock. But that is where simplicity ends and the stream of innovation begins. The Sako KEY CONCEPT® is the first ever integrated rifle lock that gives the owner security and control.

Sako KEY


Locked


Unlocked

The KEY CONCEPT® is a new milestone in Sako's long list of "firsts". A practically invisible lock that totally blocks the firing pin and prevents bolt movement. It combines ingenious design and precision engineering with traditional Sako craftsmanship.

Safety is a mindset

Safety and responsible conduct are deeply ingrained in every serious hunter's mind. Thanks to the KEY CONCEPT®, the control of your rifle is now where it should be. In your own responsible hands.

Security with performance

Lock and relax. When locked, your Sako rifle is of no use to anyone else. Insert the key, unlock and the rifle is instantly fully operational. If someone unauthorized forces the lock it will immobilize the action making it impossible to fire the rifle. With the KEY CONCEPT® your rifle is safe at home, in the car, at the range, during breaks and nights while in the woods. Always when it's not in active use.

As reliable as your Sako

The actual lock system of the Sako KEY CONCEPT® has been subjected to grueling performance and safety tests with different loads and in all weather conditions. We will not relax our standards as the most accurate factory-made premium rifle in the world. The market has seen many devices intended to prevent accidents and inhibiting unauthorized use of firearms. The main problem with these devices is that they are add-ons. Not manufactured by rifle specialists. The result of trying to fit "all rifles" is they fit none. Being cumbersome, they actually prevent smooth rifle handling. This is unacceptable for any experienced shooter. True to Sako's drive for functional and stylish design our craftsmen wanted the KEY CONCEPT® to be totally integrated, which leaves Sako rifles´ lines as they have always been - sleek and smooth.

For more information on Sako - Click Here -

KEYHOLE: The imprint of a bullet which struck sidewise on target, rather than point first.

KURZ:  German word meaning "short."  Used in cartridge designations, such as 9mm Kurz, which in the USA is known as the .380 ACP.

Translate This Page

International Gun Terms

L

1-10 | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z